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The Representation Of Puritan Values - 2621 Words

Discuss the representation of Puritan values and beliefs represented in Anne Bradstreet’s poetry Anne Bradstreet’s poem, Upon the Burning of Our House depicts certain aspects of Puritan values and beliefs. The seventeenth century revolved solely around religion and was the age of religious literature, a theme that stands out in Bradstreet’s poetry. Bradstreet was aware of Puritan standards due to her surrounding family; her father being the Massachusetts Bay Company’s deputy governor and husband, chief administer. The elegy shows that it is personal by the word ‘Our’. In using the word the reader immediately assumes that this is her home. The message of this poem is that earthly possessions are only temporary and invaluable, in†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœIt is his own: it was not mine’ simply suggests that Bradstreet accepts that everything she owns belongs to ‘Him’. The use of the colon may display a separation between her being powerless and God being powerful. Bradstreet expresses that ‘it‘s purchased and paid for too by Him who hath enough to do’ putting across a covenant with God when she reassures herself that there is a place ‘permanent’ in Heaven where all her possessions lie. The lines refer to the Puritan belief that their followers had to earn an eternal life by redemption, seen as a gift given to those predestined to receive it. The punctuation at the end of each line in the poem could represent Bradstreet looking back on the event that happened, with the commas representing a halt in the poem as a thought process. The poem finishes with her reassurance in God that ‘my hope and treasure lies above’ referring to heaven and that God has a permanent home waiting for her above. Despite Bradstreet’s last words, it is suggested that her despair is manifest. Her emotions put across in the poem clearly show her home is important to her, not due to her possessions but it was a symbol of her life with her family, and during Puritanism, a home was known as the ‘seat of her role as a woman’ and family was known as the centre of

Types of Communication free essay sample

Report. Communication Forms: Written: Written communication is a way of two individuals to communicate. E. G. text messaging, email, letters, and reports. When writing an email to someone, It can make it easier for you and the person receiving the email because it is instant and do not have to wait for it to be received either through the post or finding the person to give It to them. An email can be useful because an email can be sent to many different people instead of just one person receiving it. Phones can receive emails hich is useful because if the person is out they can receive the email to their phones. Problems with emails Is that the emails can be sent to a trash folder which means you will not know that you have been sent the email. Not every email is received and having a crowded inbox can mistake you for a different email or you may not see the email. Another form of non-verbal communication is writing. Many people do not utilize this form as much as the others, but it can be one of the strongest and potent forms of communication available. Writing down your thoughts or ideas allows you to organize them and say exactly what you want in a concise orderly style. Many people do not even realize how often they do utilize writing to get their messages to others. Written letters have fallen out of style, but with the invention of the internet, many people have started using writing much more every day. Instant Messaging is one of the most popular forms of communication being utilized today. The skills that we develop in communications are vital in order for us to have more relations personally and professionally. The relations that we gain help us to grow while providing us a key resource for providing quality communications. Without efficient skills in communication our roles in life are restricted and the way people view us could be slighted. Proper communication processes inside an organization are important in order for individuals to collaborate with others. This also helps the business to grow. Successful communication needs to occur two ways. The communication method includes the following: †¢ Sender- Person that speaks first or kicks off the communication. †¢ Receiver- The listener or the person to whom the communication is intended. †¢ Message- What the sender wishes the listener to understand. Feedback- The grapevine of the communication. Interpersonal communication begins after a few seconds when two way communications begin. The senders will talk while receiving reactions from listeners. Proper communication will consist if the senders are able to read the listeners actions and adjust as needed. Case in point is if there is a change in tone, the speaker can speak louder or simpl ify the wording. Types of Communication Through the years, technology has significantly changed society’s methods of communicating. Communication methods began with body language and later developed into verbal language. Smoke signals, lanterns and drum beats were later used to communicate through short distances. This form of communication became cumbersome and the communication medium broadened and offered more challenges and innovations in the years to follow. The ability to communicate over larger distances was improved with such innovations as the Pony Express in the 19th century, and during World War I, carrier pigeons were used to send messages. The first real breakthrough in long distance communication was the Morse code, developed by Samuel Morse in 1844. Morse code was the language used with the telegraph, consisting of a series of dots and dashes which translated into the alphabet (L. A. Lievrouw, 2006). Alexander Graham Bell’s ingenious invention of the telephone in 1876 opened the door for Martin Cooper’s cell phone invention in 1973. This new technology gave people the freedom to communicate from any location, without being restricted by a telephone cord. The cell phone opened the door for the communication industry as well as to several challenges, opportunities and word-wide competitiveness because of the growing technology trend. The introduction of the cell phone altered and improved the way people communicated around the world and was a boost to the economy. There are numerous types of communication that help with transmitting information from one business function to other groups within the company. The information that is shared usually relates to specific topics or situations that need rectifying. The first type of communication is formal communication which is a statement that has been agreed upon. The second type is informal communication. This type of communication is when there are no agreed upon processes and items are received through a grapevine effect. Within the types of communication there are methods of communication. These methods of communication include face to face, writing, e-mail, presentations, phone calls, meetings, and reports. Interpersonal communication can be found in various aspects of life. How we communicate many times makes up what other people think and observe of us. Poor communication often times is the main problem in a troubled relationship. To better understand communication a person must acknowledge many different aspects, including speech, body language, and context. Context, the time place or occasion when communication is encoded, has a very large role in transmitting a message. With out the rite context, a message could be perceived as the opposite as it was intended. The best way to begin to understand the communication process is to understand the interactive communication model. First there is a sender who encodes a message to the receiver. The receiver then decodes this message depending on the context of the situation, and the speaker’s credibility. Perception and the knowledge of how we perceive our selves, as well as others, are important in understanding our communication style. Body language is one of the most expressive and universal forms of communication and probably the least thought about. Try to sit for one minute without speaking. Even if you are able to keep from moving you will still communicate rigidity and anxiety. Nonverbal communication involves those nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that are generated by both the speaker and his or her use of the environment and that have potential message value for the source or listener. Basically it is sending and receiving messages in a variety of ways without the use of verbal words. It is both intentional and unintentional. Most speakers / listeners are not conscious of this. (Poytatos, F. , 1988, P22) Theoretical writings and research break nonverbal communication into the seven main areas: body movement or kinesics, physical characteristics, touching behavior, vocal quality or paralanguage, the use of space or proximity, and the environment. A combination of these aspects makes up the nonverbal part of the total message. (Dwyer, J. , 2002) Body movement, or kinesics, includes movements of the hands, head, feet and legs; posture, eye movements and facial expressions. All these affect the message. (Dwyer, J. , 2002, p71) Physical characteristics such as body shape, general attractiveness, body and breath odors, weight, hair and skin color are important parts of nonverbal communication as well. Our physical appearance sends a message about our age, sex and occupation. (Dwyer, J. , 2002) Stroking, hitting, holding or guiding the movement of another person are examples of touch behavior that are used nonverbally. Each of these adds a different meaning to a message. (Dwyer, J. , 2002, p76). In most human relationships, touching can give encouragement, express tenderness, and show emotional support. For example, a handshake, can suggest dominance or equality. Paralanguage is that part of language associated with the use of language, but is not the word system. It comprises the voice qualities and vocalizations that affect how something is said rather than what is said. (Dwyer, J. , 2002, p77) For example, increased volume is generally associated with anger and decreased volume with confidentiality; high speed may be associated with impatience and low speed may be associated with pensiveness or uncertainty. Proximity refers to nearness in place. It is influenced by the nature of the encounter, the type of relationship and cultural factors such as gender or nationality. (Dwyer, J. , 2002, p77) Take for example students sitting on a heater on a cold day. Students who have a close, but not intimate, relationship and who would normally sit around 1m apart sit so close that they almost touch each other. It seems, however, that the fact that they are both facing in the same direction reduces any discomfort they may feel about being so close together. Gaze is also much reduced. Artifacts are objects used to convey nonverbal messages about self-concept, image, mood, feeling and style. (Dwyer, J. , 2002, p78) For example, perfume, clothes, lipstick, glasses and hairpieces project the style or mood of the wearer. Environmental factors can affect the outcome of a communication as well. For this reason, organizations spend time designing office space, factory layout and the sales area, and plan for conferences carefully to make an ideal environment that puts people at ease and matches their expectation; an unsuitable environment can produce ‘noise’ that acts as a barrier and interferes with communication. Dwyer, J. , 2002, p78) For example, some managers divide their offices into personal and impersonal areas because environment can affect the level of their comfort. This can improve the communication process if the areas are used for the purposes intended. Some of the problems that may occur if verbal and nonverbal messages disagree include; if the words do not match the nonverbal behavior, people tend to believe the nonverbal part of the message. Words can be contrived, while the nonverbal behavior will seem to reveal the sender’s feelings or thoughts more spontaneously and honestly. When you are in doubt about the meaning of nonverbal behavior check it out with the person sending the message rather than make assumptions or pass judgment. Gestures and body movements are nonverbal behaviors that contribute to the total message. The total message is understood more easily when you follow the four-step process below: hear the words, see the nonverbal behavior, check out their meaning with the sender when the verbal and nonverbal message are different, consider the context or setting. For example, you see someone in a meeting sit back and fold his arms. If you say, ‘I see you’re in a closed posture’, you are making an assumption in your interpretation of the nonverbal part of the message. It is more useful to check out the meaning by replacing your interpretation with a simple description: ‘You’ve just folded your arms. ’ This lets the person reply with ‘Yes, my shoulders are aching’ or ‘Yes, I feel uncomfortable, even threatened by the suggestion’. † (Dwyer, J. , 1997, p28) To most people, nonverbal communication may be treated more significant than verbal, as there are more truthful and honest. When it comes to making impressions, body language counts for 55% of the overall impression, the tone of voice counts for 38% and what you actually say carries a mere 7% of the weight. While the total message is made up of the spoken words and the nonverbal communication make the greatest impact. †(Lowe, S. , 1996) When we talk we rarely trust words alone to convey our messages. We shift our weight, stand close to the other person or far away, wave our arms, smile or frown, speak loudly or softly, touch or don’t touch, or use other nonverbal behaviors to emphasize or clarify what our word mean. (Johnson, D. , 1993, p. 157) Verbal and nonverbal messages communicate as a total message. They may be in agreement with each other, or they may disagree. If the verbal and nonverbal messages are inconsistent, the nonverbal part of the message has the stronger effect and is the more credible part of the total message. Another form of non-verbal communication is writing. Many peopl e do not utilize this form as much as the others, but it can be one of the strongest and potent forms of communication available. Writing down your thoughts or ideas allows you to organize them and say exactly what you want in a concise, orderly style. Many people do not even realize how often they do utilize writing to get their messages to others. Written letters have fallen out of style, but with the invention of the internet, many people have started using writing much more every day. AOL Instant Messenger is one of the most popular forms of communication these days. The ability to speak effectively is as crucial as the ability to write effectively, according to studies about kinds of communications most often required of employees. During a routine week, employees will actually spend more time speaking than writing; using the phone; conversing informally with colleagues, subordinates, and superiors on routine office topics; conducting meetings; working in problem solving groups; conducting employee evaluation sessions; participating in teleconferences and sales presentations; and frequently becoming involved in formal speaking situations before groups inside and outside the organization. Communication research also reveals that the higher an employee moves in an organization, the more important speaking skills become. Just as writing effectively depends on you understanding your reader as thoroughly as possible, effective speaking depends on you understanding your listener. You cannot speak or write effectively to people without first understanding their perspective. You must know how your audience will likely respond based on its members educational and cultural background, knowledge of the subject, technical expertise, and position in the organization. Oral presentations, like written presentations, can enhance an employees reputation within an organization. Therefore, consider every speaking opportunity an opportunity to sell not only your ideas but also your competence, and your value to the organization. Conclusion Successful communication is a needed skill that can be developed with practice. Without it, business would never get done. Successful business communication is needed in order for individuals to work together as a group. Developing and understanding the communication process individuals can build up their perceptions in order to properly share information. Communication is something that we all do every day of our lives. You can only get better at it by practicing and working on your weak points by doing them. Some people might feel that it is very difficult to deliver a speech in front of a group of people. . The only way to get better at it is by practicing. The same is true for all forms of communicating. Words can have astonishing power; Picture all the people you know who are dynamic, successful and self-confident, the ones who are the stars of every gathering, the people who are witty, intelligent and entertaining. These super confident people are never tongue-tied, never shy, and never afraid to express an opinion. You will never see them cowering in their seats too shy to express their views or sitting quietly in a corner while others are making all the important decisions. But, what is their secret? They have discovered the astonishing power of words. They always know what to say and how to say it. They use words to control and take command of every situation. Communication is the key!

Website Speed Optimization 6 Best Techniques for 2019

Website speed optimization can feel overwhelming. You just want your WordPress site to load faster, and people are talking to you about all this technical stuff like CSS minification, render-blocking JavaScript, and HTTP requests.In this post, were going to make website speed optimization a lot simpler by focusing on just the techniques that offer you the biggest bang for your buck.This is not every single tip to speed up WordPress, but by following the tips in this post, you should get a site thats plenty fast without needing to pull your hair out or become an expert developer. First:💠¡ Two big reasons why your websites speed mattersLets start with the big one, which really doesnt need explaining because you already know the feeling:Waiting for a website to load sucks.Making your website faster can have positive effects on everything from user experience to bounce rate, time on site, and other important metrics.Its not just about making your website better for humans, though. Your sites page load times also matter for search engines. Google uses page load times as a ranking factor in both its desktop and mobile indexes, and slow load times can also make it harder for Google to crawl your site.So whether you care about your human visitors or Google (or ideally both!), website speed optimization is important.📈 How to tell if you have a website speed optimization problemOk, so website speed optimization matters. Now, how do you tell where youre at?That is, is your site slow? Is it in the middle? Is it already lightning fast (congrats then, you can probably stop reading!).The only way to know is to test it. There are tons of great free tools that make it really easy to run website speed tests. Weve written about some of the best speed test tools already, but here are the two most accessible options:PingdomGTmetrixAll you do is plug in your sites URL and the tool will spit back how long it takes your site to load.While theres no hard rule about the c utoff for a fast vs a slow website, a good rule of thumb is that you want your site to load in under 2-3 seconds if possible thats what John Mueller of Google Search fame recommends.🚀 Six website speed optimization tips that make a real differenceIf you found that you have a slow website, nows when we show you how to speed it up.There are a lot of ways to speed up your website weve written about five quick speed tips here, and five more wins for page load times.However, like a lot of things in life, website speed optimization follows the Pareto principle (AKA the 80/20 rule). Thats just a fancy way of saying that a small number of tweaks are going to have the biggest effect on your sites load times.1. Use a caching pluginA caching plugin can make a big impact on your sites load times by serving up static HTML instead of dynamically building a page with PHP on each visit.You dont really need to understand the under-the-hood technical stuff long story short, its not uncommo n to see your page load times cut in half when you move to a caching plugin.Weve collected some of the best caching plugins. And if you want a really simple option to get you started, check out WP Super Cache from Automattic, the same company behind WordPress.com: WP Super Cache Author(s): AutomatticCurrent Version: 1.7.0Last Updated: August 16, 2019wp-super-cache.1.7.0.zip 86%Ratings 30,859,198Downloads WP 3.1+Requires 2. Optimize your imagesAccording to the HTTP Archive, the file size of an average website is comprised of about 50% images. So if you can shrink the size of the images you use on your site, you have a chance to make a meaningful dent in your sites file size.Thats important because:Smaller site file size = faster-loading websiteThe easiest way to optimize images on WordPress is with a WordPress image optimization plugin. For example, Optimole handles compressing your images and serving the proper size based on visitors devices: Image optimization Lazy Load by Optimole Author(s): OptimoleCurrent Version: 2.1.2Last Updated: September 25, 2019optimole-wp.zip 96%Ratings 211,971Downloads WP 4.7+Requires 3. Move to a faster hostSwitching hosts is never fun, but if your core hosting is slow, all of these other website speed optimization tips are just putting lipstick on a pig.So if youre currently using cheap hosting and you find that your site is loading slowly, that might be a sign that youve outgrown your current host.If thats the case, consider upgrading to managed WordPress hosting. While its a little pricier than cheap shared hosting, youll get better performance, and a good managed WordPress host will have implemented server-level configurations to make WordPress load faster.For example, most managed WordPress hosts implement caching for you, which means that you might be able to skip the caching plugin we mentioned in the first tip.To see some good options, check out our post on the best cheap managed WordPress hosting companie s.4. Pick a lightweight themeYour theme is your sites foundation. As such, it has a pretty big effect on your sites load times.On a personal note, moving from a regular theme to a lightweight theme once cut my already-optimized sites page load times by over 40%  by itself.Most lightweight themes are built to work well with page builders and still offer you a good amount of flexibility to design your site.Some good options to consider are:NeveGeneratePressAstraOceanWPThe Neve theme5. Limit WordPress plugin bloatLets first dispel with a myth more plugins does not automatically mean a slower site it depends on what each plugin is doing, and how well each plugin is coded.However, as a general rule of thumb, adding more plugins that are active/visible on the front-end of your site will probably start to have a negative effect on your sites page load times.Unless you have some technical skills, its hard to assess the exact impact of each plugin thats why we still recommend this as a rule of thumb.So if you absolutely need the plugin sure, go ahead and use it. But if you can take or leave a feature, consider leaving it and keeping your site more streamlined.6. Consider a CDN if you have global trafficIf you want to receive visitors from around the world, a content delivery network (CDN) is a great option to speed up your page load times for visitors who are located far away from your hosts datacenter.Why? Because the laws of physics exist! And as fast as the light in fiber optic cables travels, physical distance is still always going to play a role in how quickly your site loads for visitors.Cloudflare is a free CDN option thats pretty easy to get started with, and KeyCDN is another good option.The Optimole plugin we mentioned earlier also acts as a CDN for your websites images, which makes it one of the easiest ways to get started with a CDN on WordPress.Go to topConclusionOnce again, this isnt every single website speed optimization tip. But if you put these six tips into action, you should have a site thats plenty fast, and well under the 2-3 second limit.Remember, you need to:Use a caching pluginOptimize your imagesChoose a fast WordPress hostUse a lightweight WordPress themeBe judicious with the number of plugins you useConsider a CDN if you have global visitors Learn how to #speed up your #WordPress site with the 6 tips that really matter Click To Tweet Do you have any questions about how to speed up WordPress? Let us know in the comments!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Mia Hamm Essay Example

Mia Hamm Essay Example Mia Hamm Paper Mia Hamm Paper Kelsey Williams Period 3 Gym 15 October 2012 Mia Hamm Mariel Margaret Hamm, otherwise known as Mia Hamm, was born in Selma, Alabama on March 17th, 1972. Mia Hamms brother recalls that she was extremely athletic even back then and that she would often compete with the other boys on the block in childhood games, often winning them. But earlier on, Mia Hamm had some problems with her legs, she was born with a partial clubfoot. This meant that she had to wear casts on her feet to correct this problem. Fortunately, the casts had a visible effect and Mia Hamm would soon fully recover. Throughout Mia Hamms childhood, she had to move a lot, because her father was in the Air Force. Once, her and her family went to Italy and it is there that Mia saw exactly what soccer is about. The Italians passion for soccer triggered an interest in soccer, when she was just 6 years old. After moving to Texas, she immediately picked up the sport and started playing for a local womens soccer youth club. | Unlike most other players that have to go through certain steps during their childhood, Mia Hamms career had a jump start at a very early age. With Mia dominating the youth competitions of womens soccer in Texas, it was only natural that she ended up in the spotlight of the United States national team staff. However, at age 14, she wasnt ready for that big of a leap, yet. One of the less known facts about Mia Hamm is that she also enjoyed watching and playing football. This helped her later on in her soccer career, increasing her strength, structure and aggressive spirit. Age 15, Mia Hamm moved to northern Virginia, where she would attend the Lake Braddock Secondary school; living with her uncle. She kept on playing soccer and one day, an impressive phone call got the young girl cheering throughout the house. She was called for the senior United States womens soccer team, becoming the youngest player in history to play on it. Fortunately, she did have a good constitution that allowed her to physically survive the difficulties of senior professional soccer at that level. Although she would not play much during her first few years on the team, those times were extremely important in her adaptation process. By the time Mia was seventeen, she already felt right at home on the United States squad and managed to score her first goal for the team, in a match against Canada. After finishing high school, Mia Hamm was already on her way to success, now constantly being called up to the national team. She started playing regularly. However, she chose to follow a University as well; the University of North Carolina. She began playing for the University of North Carolina’s women soccer team, the Tar Heels, and lead them to a string of four straight national titles, in addition to being the team and the leagues all-time top scorer. | In 1991, she put her time with the University of North Carolina on hold. She was being called for her first World Cup, held in China. The United States team was put in a tough group against Brazil, Japan and Sweden. In their first match against Sweden, Mia Hamm managed a crucial 62 minute goal, and the USA team won 3-2. She had scored the winning goal. Their next match, against Brazil saw a wild United States Team with Mia Hamm as the MVP of the match, beating Brazil 5-0. In the last group match, against Japan, the United States womens soccer team beat Japan, 3-0. Coming back to the UNC, Mia Hamm was greeted as a hero and was soon given the nickname Jordan, as a reference to another North Carolina athlete of international fame, Michael Jordan. By that time, Mia Hamm, a soccer player that started out in a small Texas youth club, was already a World Champion at age twenty and had a wonderful career in front of her. When she finished studying at the University, Hamm focused merely on the US national squad, participating in the 1995 World Cup, where the United States ended up third. A moment bound to be remembered from that World Cup was when Mia Hamm went on to play as a goalkeeper, with no one left to play on this position. Despite the United States losing the title and the final, Mia Hamm was voted the Most Valuable Player of the World Cup. One year later, at the 1996 Olympic Games, Mia suffered an ankle injury that kept her off the field for a match, but she was able to recover for the final game, played against China. Hamm contributed decisively to the winning goal, her shot coming off the bar, only to be plunged back in the net by Shannon MacMillan. The United States had gotten another gold medal. Months before the World Cup started, Mia Hamm had already broken the record for most international goals scored by a male or female soccer player, hitting the net for the 108th time in a match against Brazil. Mia Hamms seventeen years with the United States squad brought her a lot of trophies and success. This included two World Cups, two World Cup bronze medals, two Olympic gold medals, and a silver medal. Mia Hamm also won the FIFA Womens Soccer Player of the Year twice, in 2001 and 2002. She currently holds the record for most international goals scored by a player, male or female, with an impressive amount of 158 goals. Mia was one of the only 2 women named on Peles 125 Best Soccer Players of All Times, next to USA national team colleague, Michelle Akers. Mia retired from soccer in 2004 at the age of 32, to start a family.

Simple Éviter (to Avoid) Conjugations in French

Simple Éviter (to Avoid) Conjugations in French In French,  Ãƒ ©viter  is the verb that means to avoid. When you want to say avoided, avoiding, or will avoid, the verb needs to be conjugated. This can be a challenge with some words, but à ©viter  is a little easier because it follows a standard pattern. Conjugating the French Verb Éviter Éviter  is  a  regular -ER verb. It follows the same verb conjugation pattern as other verbs such as  emprunter  (to borrow) and  durer  (to last). This is the most common pattern in the French language. As you learn more of these conjugations, each new one gets a little easier. The simplest conjugations transform the verb into the present, future, or imperfect past tense. Unlike English where the -ed and -ing endings apply to all subjects, the French verb endings change with each subject pronoun as well as each tense. Use the table to study the various forms of  Ãƒ ©viter  and practice them in context. Simply pair the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense: I avoid is jà ©vite and we will avoid is nous à ©viterons. Subject Present Future Imperfect j vite viterai vitais tu vites viteras vitais il vite vitera vitait nous vitons viterons vitions vous vitez viterez vitiez ils vitent viteront vitaient The Present Participle of Éviter The verb stem of  Ãƒ ©viter  is  Ãƒ ©vit-. We can add -ant  to that and create the  present participle  Ãƒ ©vitant. This is very useful because it can be an adjective, gerund, or noun as well as a verb. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © A  common way to form the past tense avoided in French is with the  passà © composà ©. To do this, conjugate the  auxiliary verb  avoir  to fit the subject pronoun, then attach the past participle  Ãƒ ©vità ©. For instance, I avoided is jai à ©vità © and we avoided is nous avons à ©vità ©. More Simple  Ãƒâ€°viter  Conjugations Among these simple conjugations of  Ãƒ ©viter, concentrate and practice the verb forms above before moving on. The following conjugations are used less often, but they are useful as you improve your profiecency. For example, the subjunctive verb form can be used when the verbs action is subjective. Likewise, if the verb is dependent on condition   if  this happens,  then  this will happen use the conditional verb form. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are found most often in writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j vite viterais vitai vitasse tu vites viterais vitas vitasses il vite viterait vita vitt nous vitions viterions vitmes vitassions vous vitiez viteriez vittes vitassiez ils vitent viteraient vitrent vitassiez The imperative verb form is used for exclamations, requests, and demands. When using it, keep things short and sweet and drop the subject pronoun: use à ©vite rather than tu à ©vite. Imperative (tu) vite (nous) vitons (vous) vitez

Article #1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article #1 - Assignment Example In this article, the author has tried to discuss many points related to job gains and rising pay in labor market and their impacts on economy. According to this article, economy is reviving rapidly ever since the recession started 8 years ago. Labor Department’s report on job gains and pay raise has revealed that 321,000 jobs were created in November 2014 despite the predictions (200,000 jobs) of economist. A handsome increase (0.4) in payments to ordinary workers observed as opposed to the 0.2 estimates but jobless rate stayed at 5.8%. Plunging oil prices coupled with the advent of holiday season provided impetus to increase in wages. Increase in payrolls of 2.65 million is best annual figure since 1990s. Due to increase in wages, Federal Reserve is likely to increase short term interest rates. According to author, some experts argue that Federal Reserve may also increase its key interest rate lever in March 2015. 6.9 million Americans are working as part time employees as they cannot find full time work. The increase in wages would pursue through next six months but November data alone is not enough to change the thinking of Federal Reserve, said Guy Berger, United States economist at RBS. In the recent years, energy sector has been performing well in term of job growth but in the aftermath of slump in oil prices throughout the world, energy sector is expected to cut jobs. The prospect of higher interest rates is making investors cautious and stocks and bonds rose modestly after publishing of Department of Labor report. In my point of view, the author has tried his best to prove the points he tried to explain. But at some points there is no clear indication of facts by the authors. Author is not sure about many future predictions. As usual different economists are of different views in the wake of Department of Labor Report. However, most of the economists are hopeful that economy would revive by virtue of 60% more

John Steinbeck Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

John Steinbeck - Essay Example The institutions that yielded from World War Two were regarded as denials of human dignity and sustenance in The Grapes of Wrath which was John’s most controversial work in his writing career (John, 2011). The novel condemns the generation for all wrong reasons and its inability to uphold and guarantee human sustenance and dignity. This description of the 1930s and 1940s generation although strict has shifted the paradigm to the current generation. The current generation is by far significantly different from the one described by John in 1930s. The current generation does not entertain and permit slavery and other form of dehumanizing practices like what happened then. A departure from the past generation, the current one is offering economic, socio-cultural and political freedoms to countries and regions unlike the only capitalism that was preferred then with all its inadequacies. Currently, countries may choose any form of socio-economic system from capitalism like United States to communism like China (John, 2011). However a common characteristic with the two generation is how they handle natural disasters. The preparedness is not adequate considering how the John’s generation handled the Great Depression is not any different from what the current generation handled the Great Recession in 2007/2008. The difference is perception and perspectives of how the current generation approaches issues and natural disasters due to advancement of technology unlike the past. Point worth noting is the responsiveness of natural disasters and economic recessions, the current generation has improved mostly due to sophisticated way of information transfer. Respect for human rights has greatly improved with the current generation compared to that of our parents and grandparents. In conclusion the current generation differs significantly virtually in all

Assessment Writing Essay Example for Free

Assessment Writing Essay My practical work in January 2005 was for option 1. It was a piece of devised drama work and was based on the theme of sisterhood. Our play was about a group of four, seven year old children coming together to help their friend Rachael who is ill. The children act together for Rachael and turn to witchcraft to make her healthier but it fails and at the end of the play Rachael dies. There were 5 people in my drama group which included Rachael, Yasmine, Emily, Rosie and myself. The main theme of our play was sisterhood also the friends acting together to try to make Rachel better this was how sisterhood was used. My contribution to the performance was as a performer. I had to play the role of one of Rachaels friends who took part in the spell with the other friends. I also contributed by writing some of the play with the other people in my group. We practiced in lessons and during our lunchtimes so that the play would be ready for its performance date. To help me in my work I looked for information on the internet about health spells as we wanted to use one in our performance. I also looked on the internet to find out more information about leukaemia and its symptoms so that we could include them in our play to make it seem more realistic. I also looked at one picture and one painting. The picture was a war picture it symbolises women in the war and that they were needed to help to win the war. The painting was of what they look to be children who look as if they are casting a spell of some sort as the picture looks rather mystical. The most useful material I looked at was the information I found from the internet because it helped me understand the symptoms of leukaemia and to look at different kinds of health spells and for us to choose which one was more relevant for our play. Our piece was set in modern times, however the picture was set in the time of the Second World War and the painting was set it seems in modern times too. The picture and painting were similar to our play because the painting is of children looking as if they are casting a spell as it looks mystical and magical and they look very engrossed in what they are doing this is what we tried to do in our play when we cast the spell. The picture is similar to our play because it is about women pulling together to try and make a difference and in some aspects our play is about the children pulling together to help Rachael get better. The biggest differences were that the play was set in modern times and not in the Second World War and the play was about a group of friends not of women in the Second World War. The people who appear in our production are mainly children. In contrast, those in the painting and the picture are adults and children. You could tell this because the picture is of women coming together but the painting looks of children. We chose to perform in the style of naturalist because we wanted to make out the friendship of them to be as real as possible to create more of an effect with the ending. We used informal language as they were children playing and doing children things. In conclusion, I would like to say that the picture and the painting have helped me by seeing how many things use the aspects of sisterhood in many different ways and it is not always obvious. I contributed a lot into this piece of work, I am pleased with the out come and how the others performed in my group.

Marketing Essay -- Business, Customer Satisfaction

This essay is a critical literature review of Relationship Marketing in relation to customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and technology. In this review, I will provide a brief orientation of relationship marketing; identify the benefits of relationship marketing for companies and customers and critically analyse the concept of RM with regards to customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and analyse the role of technology in relationship marketing. Leahy (2011:651) defined relationship marketing as â€Å"attracting and keeping customers for a long period of time†. RM is used by firms to change consumer attitudes and increase the frequency of purchase in a business using marketing techniques such as promotions and advertising. According to Ndubisi and Chan (2005), relationship marketing provides an organisation the opportunity to get access to the right information about their customers, meet the customers’ needs effectively, efficiently and gain competitive advantage. In addition, Gronroos (1994:9) suggests that relationship marketing is a new model in marketing and it’s about organisation â€Å"establishing, maintain and enhance relationships with customers at a profit so that objectives of the parties involved are met. This is achieved by mutual exchange and the fulfilment of promises.† Promises may be made by the company to their customers; yet, what remains to be seen are if the promises are fulf illed or ultimately broken. Szmigin et al. (2005) argues that due to the vast presence of relationship marketing in several industries, it can be difficult defining relationship marketing that accommodates all the relationships. Ravald and Gronroos (1996) argue that relationship marketing is not restricted to the firm maintaining a close relat... ...ting is very important for the success of an organisation as reflected in the multiple definitions above. It is beneficial to both the company and their customers and when utilised responsibly, a great symbiosis relationship is established. The analysis of customer satisfaction resulting in increased customer loyalty has been carried out and the contribution of increased customer loyalty resulting in high profitability for the organisation has been highlighted. The role of technology in relationship marketing has been scrutinised leading to the research question stated above i.e. to what extent does technology foster a close relationship between an organisation and its customers. For further research, it would be advisable to explore this area in more depth so organisations can acquire the maximise output when using technology as a means of relationship marketing.

I Am Legend Film review

From its gripping start to its touching finish, this high-grossing blockbuster film is the film everybody has been eagerly waiting for. The third big-screen adaptation of Richard Matheson’s â€Å"I Am Legend† novel (1954) this box office hit is sure to have you gripping your seat the whole way through. Hollywood hunk Will Smith stars alongside an Alsatian called Abby, who steals every scene she’s in. This post apocalyptic film is surely one of a kind. After watching this, I am definitely going to read the original novel. PLOT New York City-2012. Robert Neville (Will Smith) gets up every morning. Does his exercises. Eats breakfast. Takes his dog, Samantha, out for walks, and to pick up supplies. Goes to work. Plays a little golf. At exactly noon, he sends out broadcasts on the radio. Sounds completely normal? Well†¦no. Once a normal man with a loving family, Robert Neville is (as far as he knows) the only living human being left on Earth. He and Samantha are entirely alone, and have been for three years. In 2009, a scientist called, ironically, Dr Krippen (Emma Thompson), announces that she has discovered the cure for cancer; which at the beginning was praised as a breakthrough in modern medicine. But it isn’t long before the virus has mutated into a deadly airborne form, killing millions of people. And those who the virus didn’t kill, it changed†¦ Neville, a military scientist, is part of the team working to find a vaccine, but as the pandemic spreads, the government orders Manhattan locked down, with only the uninfected allowed to evacuate. And now Neville lives alone with Sam, surrounded by strange creatures that devour or infect anyone or anything in their path. Sensitive to UV radiation, they dwell in darkness, only emerging at night to eat. And all the while, the infected lurk in the shadows, watching Neville’s every move, waiting for him to make a fatal mistake. Perhaps mankind’s last and best hope, Neville is driven by only one remaining mission; to find a way to reverse the effects of the virus by using his own immune blood. But his blood is also what the infected hunt, and Neville knows he is outnumbered and quickly running out of time†¦ CHARACTERS The title â€Å"I Am Legend† is very relevant; Will Smith’s acting was LEGENDARY! If you actually think about it, it’s not easy when you’re the only character most of the time. Throughout the film, he was pretty much interacting with a dog†¦and that was about it. We witness Robert trying his best to lead a normal existence, slowly losing his sanity, and yet trying to save the world; all at the same time. It is nice to know that his range of acting is not just limited to action films (although there is a fair bit of action in I Am Legend) but it’s in the quiet moments that Smith gracefully and effortlessly shines- his strained expressions and his persistent battle for his sanity. The close relationship with his dog is extremely touching. His performance was excellent and believable, so hats off to him. TECHNICAL ELEMENTS/ SOUND The opening scenes of â€Å"I Am Legend† have special effects so good that they just about compensate for some later special effects that are slightly clumsy. We see Manhattan three years after a deadly virus has killed every healthy human on the island, except one. The streets are overgrown with weeds, cars are abandoned and the infrastructure of clumsily quarantined buildings is beginning to collapse. The film does a good job of revealing the monsters bit by bit, but once displayed, their CGI-ness is hard to ignore. By the time they're in full-on assault mode, they resemble something like zombified versions of something out of a video game. This makes for exciting action sequences, but dials down the horror considerably. The song â€Å"3 little birds† by Bob Marley is used extensively and is also on the soundtrack in the film. The song has bittersweet undertones as Robert sings the song â€Å"Don't worry about a thing, ‘Cause every little thing gonna be all right† in an attempt comfort himself and his dog, to avoid intense loneliness, and also to remind him of his family (his daughter was called Marley; after Bob Marley). THEME/ CONCLUSION Cleverly set in the year 2012, the film just makes us feel even more paranoid. Like many of the best sci-fi films, I Am Legend says a lot about the times we are currently living in. One of the main themes of this film is that one day, we, humans ourselves, could be the cause of the wipe out of the entire human race if we keep on messing with nature and trying to play God. Smith clearly states so in the film, â€Å"God didn’t do this. We did!† But Smith is like a ray of hope and reminds us that there are good people left in the world. Using a quote from Bob Marley, he says that â€Å"the people that are trying to make the world worse never take a day off, so why should I? Light up the darkness.† In this case, Smith feels it’s his duty to save humans and â€Å"Light the darkness† (cure the Dark seekers). I Am Legend is available in Blu-Ray and DVD on Monday 21st April 2008. Bring home the 2 disc special edition of I am Legend and you’ll not only get the theatrical version, but also the complete alternate unseen version with a controversial ending. Definitely worth having on your shelf.

Behind the ‘Battle Royal’

A visage of violence, uprising, gullibility, and realization – Ralph Ellison’s short story â€Å"Battle Royal† depicts a different story that embroils the philosophical depths behind concepts of racism and suffering. It is about pleasing people that results to losing your own identity. It is a foreshadowing historical tragedy as the narrator attempts to transport his readers from idealism to realism and finally relating to the true meaning one’s social identity.In the beginning of the story, a nameless, first-person narrator instinctively intimates that for the first twenty years of his life, he has looked at others to answer questions of self-definition. Identity issues could instantly be implicated as he discovers that it is only him who can figure out who he really is. In order to do this, the narrator must first â€Å"discover that [he] is an invisible man! † As the story unfurls, it transfixes a scene in which he muses that it’s not only him who’s â€Å"blind† but also, those who abuse the narrator by belittling him as mere stereotype and erasing his individuality and human dimension.The primary objective of the narrator in the story is just to deliver a good speech. Uneasy about it, he was really worried. While blindfolded and being beaten in the â€Å"Battle Royal†, he is still going over his speech inside his head. Symbolically, he’s blind to the attackers that he must fend off. This is a stark depiction of the narrator’s utter blindness to racism happening around him and the all the dehumanizing acts that he is forced to participate in. Then, the narrator is softly remembering his grandfather’s death. The narrator overhears him imparting some words to his father.Those words haunted the narrator’s psyche for years to come. On his deathbed, the narrator's grandfather gives him a rather disturbing advice. The old man said: Son, after I’m gone I want you to ke ep up the good fight. I never told you, but I have been a traitor all my born days, a spy in the enemy’s country ever since I gave up my gun back in the Reconstruction. Live with your head in the lion’s mouth. I want you to overcome them with yeses, undermine them with grins, agree them to death and destruction, let them swallow you till they vomit or bust wide open. Learn it to the young ones.Using personification, Ellison represents the lion as the white man, who will roar throughout the duration of the story. The men roared as the narrator will struggle for the coins on the electric rug. When he tries to pull a white man onto the rug, the man raise up roaring with laughter and kicks him in the chest. During the narrator’s speech, the men yell for him to repeat the polysyllabic â€Å"social responsibility† and the room fills with the uproar of laughter. Clearly, the narrator’s question of identity could be traced back to the weary lives of his gr andparents who were born as African slaves and freed years before.Rhetorically, this freedom bestowed unto them and made them part of a â€Å"United† States. But in the closer analysis, in the social circles during their time and as what the narrator experienced, African-Americans are still separated from whites; it is somewhat like the separate â€Å"fingers on the hand†. Ellison descriptively used animals to symbolically represent people because in the course of history white men traditionally treated the black people as animals. In the first place, they were slaves. Also, when white men see naked white women as sexual objects, ironically the white men transform themselves to animals.One instance in the story depicted a man who watches the woman dance and holds his arms up like an intoxicated â€Å"panda†. Although the symbolism of the animal imageries is not very obvious, how Ellison showcased these symbolism reinforced his themes. It adds up to the life and vitality of mental pictures demonstrating the vividness of Ellison’s storytelling. Works Cited Ellison, R. W. Battle Royal. In Literature: Reading, Reaching, Writing. Compact Fifth Edition by Kirszner & Mandell, p. 174 -185.

Definition of a Prepositional Verb and How to Use One

Definition of a Prepositional Verb and How to Use One A prepositional verb is an idiomatic expression that combines a verb and a preposition to make a new verb with a distinct meaning. Some examples of prepositional verbs in English are care for, long for, apply for, approve of, add to, resort to, result in, count on,  and deal with. The preposition in a prepositional verb is generally followed by a noun or pronoun, and thus prepositional verbs are transitive. Examples and Observations God has cared for these trees, saved them from drought, disease, avalanches, and a thousand tempests and floods. But he cannot save them from fools. (John Muir, The American Forests. The Atlantic Monthly, 1897)The difference between the old ballplayer and the new ballplayer is the jersey. The old ballplayer cared about the name on the front. The new ballplayer cares about the name on the back. (Steve Garvey)I believe in equality for everyone, except reporters and photographers. (Mahatma Gandhi) Prepositional verbs consist of a transitive verb plus a preposition with which it is closely associated. He stared at the girl.She finally decided on the blue car. Prepositional verbs do not take the particle movement rule. The verb and the following preposition can be separated by an adverb, and the preposition can precede a relative pronoun and appear at the beginning of a wh- question. He stared intently at the girl.The girl at whom he was staring was strikingly beautiful.At whom was he staring? (Ron Cowan, The Teachers Grammar of English. Cambridge University Press, 2008) Pronouncing Prepositional Verbs A prepositional verb consists of a verb plus a particle which is clearly a preposition: for example, look at, send for, rely on. These are mostly lexically singly stressed, with a primary stress going on the verb. Thus look at has the same stress pattern as edit or borrow. The second element, the preposition, being unstressed, does not get accented (unless for contrastive focus). (John Christopher Wells, English Intonation. Cambridge University Press, 2006) The Difference Between Phrasal Verbs and Prepositional Verbs There are a number of syntactic criteria you can use for distinguishing phrasal verbs from prepositional verbs: in transitive phrasal verbs, the particle is movable, but the preposition in a prepositional verb is not;the NP is the object of the verb in phrasal verbs rather than of the preposition;in both transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs, the particle carries stress, as in She took the cap off or The plane took off, while prepositions are unstressed, as in We knocked on the door.adverbials cannot intervene between the verb and the particle whereas they can between the verb and the preposition, *looked quickly up the information, but looked quickly into the oven. (Laurel J. Brinton, The Structure of Modern English: A Linguistic Introduction. John Benjamins, 2000)

Discover 5 Essential Qualities of a Good Teacher

Discover 5 Essential Qualities of a Good Teacher Educational studies suggest that the essential qualities of good teachers include the ability to be self-aware of ones biases; to perceive, understand and accept differences in others; to analyze and diagnose student understanding and adapt as required; to negotiate and take risks in their teaching; and to have a strong conceptual understanding of their subject matter. Measurable and Measuring Most teachers are paid according to their experience and educational attainment, but as educator Thomas Luschei has demonstrated, there is little evidence that more than 3-5 years of experience boost teachers ability to increase student test scores or grades. Other measurable attributes such as how well the teachers did on their qualifying examinations, or what level of education a teacher has attained also do not significantly impact the students performance in classrooms. So although there is little consensus in the education profession about which measurable features make a good teacher, several studies have identified inherent traits and practices which assist teachers in reaching their students. To Be Self-Aware American teacher-educator Stephanie Kay Sachs believes that an effective teacher needs to have a basic sociocultural awareness of and acceptance of their own and others cultural identity. Teachers need to be able to facilitate the development of a positive self-ethnic identity and be aware their own personal biases and prejudices. They should use self-inquiry to examine the relationship between their fundamental values, attitudes, and beliefs, particularly with regard to their teaching. This inner bias affects all interactions with students but does not prohibit teachers from learning from their students or vice versa. Educator Catherine Carter adds that an effective way for teachers to understand their processes and motivation is to define an apt metaphor for the role they perform. For example, she says, some teachers think of themselves as gardeners, potters shaping clay, mechanics working on engines, business managers, or workshop artists, supervising other artists in their growth. To Perceive, Understand and Value Differences Teachers who understand their own biases says Sachs, are in a better position to view their students experiences as valuable and meaningful and integrate the realities of the students lives, experiences, and cultures into the classroom and subject matter. The effective teacher builds perceptions of her own personal influence and power over factors that contribute to student learning. In addition, she must build conceptual interpersonal skills to respond to the complexities of the school environment. The experiences of both teachers and students with individuals of differing social, ethnic, cultural, and geographic backgrounds can serve as a lens through which future interactions can be viewed. To Analyze and Diagnose Student Learning Teacher Richard S. Prawat suggests that teachers must be able to pay close attention to students learning processes, to analyze how students are learning and diagnose issues that prevent understanding. Assessments must be undertaken not on tests per se, but rather as the teachers engage students in active learning, allowing debate, discussion, research, writing, evaluation, and experimentation. Compiling results from a report of the Committee on Teacher Education for the National Academy of Education, Linda Darling-Hammond and Joan Baratz-Snowden suggest teachers must make their expectations for high-quality work known, and provide constant feedback as they revise their work towards these standards. In the end, the goal is to create a well-functioning, respectful classroom that allows students to work productively. To Negotiate and Take Risks in Teaching Sachs suggests that building on the ability to perceive where students are failing to fully understand, an effective teacher must not be afraid to seek out tasks for herself and the students that are optimal for their skills and abilities, recognizing that those efforts may not be successful. These teachers are the pioneers and trailblazers, she says, individuals who are challenge-oriented. Negotiation involves moving students in a certain direction, towards a view of reality which is shared by those in the disciplinary community. At the same time, teachers must recognize when some obstacles to such learning are misconceptions or faulty reasoning which need to be highlighted, or when a child is simply using her own informal ways of knowing which should be encouraged. This, says Prawat, is the essential paradox of teaching: to challenge the child with new ways of thinking, but negotiate a way for that student to not dismiss alternate ideas. Overcoming these obstacles must be a collaborative enterprise between student and teacher, where uncertainty and conflict are important, growth-producing commodities. To Have a Depth of Subject Matter Knowledge Particularly in the maths and sciences, educator Prawat stresses that teachers need to have rich networks of knowledge in their subject matter, organized around key ideas that could provide a conceptual basis for understanding. Teachers obtain that by bringing focus and coherence to the subject matter and allowing themselves to be more conceptual in their approach to learning. In this manner, they transform it into something meaningful for students. Sources Carter, Catherine. Priest, Prostitute, Plumber? The Construction of Teachers as Saints. English Education 42.1 (2009): 61–90. Print.Darling-Hammond, Linda, and Joan Baratz-Snowden. A Good Teacher in Every Classroom: Preparing the Highly Qualified Teachers Our Children Deserve. Educational Horizons 85.2 (2007): 111–32. Print.Goldhaber, Dan. The Mystery of Good Teaching. Education Next Spring 2002 (2002): 1–5. Print.Luschei, Thomas F. In Search of Good Teachers: Patterns of Teacher Quality in Two Mexican States. Comparative Education Review 56.1 (2012): 69–97. Print.Prawat, Richard S. Teaching for Understanding: Three Key Attributes. Teaching and Teacher Education 5.4 (1989): 315–28. Print.Robinson, Richard, et al. The Effective Teacher Revisited. The Reading Teacher 45.6 (1992): 448–48. Print.Sachs, Stephanie Kay. Evaluation of Teacher Attributes as Predictors of Success in Urban Schools. Journal of Teacher Education 55.2 (2004): 177–87 . Print.

Mini Research Project Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mini Project - Research Proposal Example When the world real Gross Domestic Product was having a howling dread, the GDP of China was pretty much sturdily moving upward in an open contrast (Easterly, 2011). The underlying research project aims to spotlight the off budget fiscal activity and the effectiveness of the emergency fiscal policies implemented by the Chinese government by making use of the IMF’s published augmented fiscal data. Data were originally augmented by adding the general statistical output up with the off budget fiscal data. Though, this is a secondary research including the subjective approach by analyzing a number of theoretical sources to make a solid and theoretical inference so far. However the augmentation in the fiscal data is an aid to understand the underlying course of activity rather to replace the general purpose government released statistics. It was not possible to draw the judgments by using each and every part of the published augmented data; hence here I am going to exclude some of t he figures to reduce the complexity and intricacy i.e., policy banks fiscal activity data, ministry of railway net borrowing etc. In the period of the world economic crisis, local government aimed to implement several plans to reduce the impacts. Out of the most prominent activity, the most observable can be reported as the infrastructure investments to support and boost up the economic development in the country. It remained a popularized countercyclical tool to foster the internal developmental course. This developmental spending was categorized as an off budget expenditure and managed through the sales of the government inland property or Local Government’s Finance Vehicle borrowings so far internally. Thus IMF introduced the concept of augmentation in order to measure the impact of the budgeted and off budgeted fiscal activity within the economy. Without complementary augmented data, it is quite thorny to analyze the total effect and stimulus towards the tradeoff to the crisis.

Aston manor brewery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Aston manor brewery - Essay Example As mentioned in the methodology, information was collected from Birmingham City University electronic resources and official website. In addition, we have also collected the information from the client itself as well. This data was achieved from client presentation. The client also presented us with their latest market reports and markets trends they are currently experiencing. The client was basically asked three questions which was as follows:- What is the marketing planning in the 2013? What is marketing planning promotion between 2012 and 2013? Example something new and improve something. In the Corporate Social Responsibility, Aston Manor Brewery has made certain achievements, such as charity fund and sports aspects. But in the future, corporate will be in the new field take more social responsibility? Can you explain how to do that? After doing this market research project, I have become aware of a number of facts. Hence, the assignment has helped me to learn a number of new th ings which I considered to be the most useful knowledge I have gained so far in my career. The assignment has allowed me to gain both theoretical knowledge as well as practical knowledge. One of the moist essential learning from this resit portfolio was to know how a marketing plan is formulated. The information provided by our client pertaining to their marketing planning of 2013, I have become aware of the elements that are to be put into a marketing plan of a company or the factors considered by companies while formulating the marketing plan of their respective companies. Most interestingly I also become aware of the number of promotional techniques used by companies in promoting their products and services in the marketplace. I have identified that companies use different promotional techniques such as promotion through print media, broadcasting media, social media and several other traditional form of promotional techniques. Lastly, in terms of the theories I became aware about the importance of corporate social responsibility of the organizations. Having to revise my work, one thing became apparent to me is that client always needs the most appropriate solution to their problems. Moreover, in the context of the writing of the paper, I learnt several new things. For example, the introduction which I wrote about the company was simply discussing the company’s overview but hardly there were any discussions pertaining to the product portfolio of the company and the subject of the company. After revising the work, I came to know about the importance of providing introduction of a company pertaining to the subject of research. In addition, highlight the product portfolio of the company is also of similar importance. Hence, I believe the learning which I got after accomplishing this assignment is extremely important. Moreover, I also believe that these learning will allow me to excel in both academic as well as profession career. 7 items to submit in you r Portfolio from list of artefacts While suggesting the client about the marketing strategy they should be putting into practise for improving their market share are depth interviews, survey, competitor analysis, detailed target market analysis, internet advertisement, print advertisement, and e-mail or letter. The above are the 7 items chosen during the process of presenting the most appropriate marketing strate

Flying cheap Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Flying cheap - Movie Review Example The ‘continental connection flight’ 3407was a commuter flight and is exactly the recreation of the documentary by Young and which depicts the errors with the pilot as well as the first officer to have caused the crash (Genzlinger, para 1-5). The documentary depicts evolutionary process in the regional system of airlines with the special focus on the relatively small airline companies such as the Colgan Company. The movie depicts the operations of the rather small airliners carrying the big names like ‘continental’ on them despite their failure to meet at least the minimum standards of operation in safety as well as training for the crew members. The plot features a former Colgan Pilot’s description of his daily routine at Colgan as a pilot. Many short routes coupled with lots of ‘landings’ and ‘take offs’ as well as meeting and braving bad weather are basic daily experiences to any pilot with the company. This according to him is so tiring and often presents a very long day to the pilot and crewmembers. As the documentary features, passengers often make a misinformed perception whenever in a plane for a flight while thinking that they are safe at the hands of the ‘well able and experienced pilot and crew members in control’ while the reality may prove otherwise. The story line adopted in the documentary is an investigative plot where it investigates how regional airline couriers especially those operating as low cost flights have steadily changed the entire air travel industry with increased awareness of competition and the need for incentives such as the cheap flights. However, the investigation line is on whether the adoption of such strategies and the need to realize higher profits is in any way related to compromises of safety standards as observed in airline operators. This is confirmed through the strategic feature of the continental connection flight, which crashed in 2009 outside Buffalo. The documentary records

Requirements for Healthcare Organization | Case Study

Requirements for Healthcare Organization | Case Study TASK I A SUMMARY ON THE NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS OF CONCORDIA HEALTHCARE LTD. RELATIVE TO: I. Internal Organizational needs First and foremost, ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. Requires that the staff, partners, members, directors will consider and respect the Equality and Diversity Guidance and Policy. This organization is committed to delivering quality health care services to the clients without prejudice on them due to race, nationality, sex, sexual orientation, disability, religious affiliation, marital status, employment status and political opinion and characteristics. All clients should be treated equally and fairly. Professionalism on the part of the staff, partners, members and directors should be observed. No client should be discriminated; instead, promotion and accessibility of health care services should always be the ultimate mission of everyone. Quality healthcare services will result to the increasing demand by diverse clients. The ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. will be sought by the community and the clients they serve. A good name will be established for and in behalf of ABC Concordia Healthcare LTD. II. External Needs of ABC Concordia Healthcare LTD. To achieve the goal of this organization, that is the promotion of equal opportunity and accessibility of quality healthcare services to all clients, they are also considering their external needs. A. Meeting clients’ needs Appropriate steps must be considered to be able to meet the diverse needs of clients. 1. Identify the needs of clients who come from different communities. Clients come from different communities with different cultural background and upbringing. So, they also have different needs. These needs have to be catered well. 2. Formulate the policies and procedures that will be undertaken to meet clients’ needs. Policies should be done regularly because these are guides for decision making. Policies encourage coordination and integration of actions and plans within and across functional areas of an organization. The policy making process involves the following: a. Identifying the problem b. Formulating the policy c. Implementing the policy d. Evaluating the results 3. Specify the services that should be provided to the following group of clients: a. Clients with a disability b. Clients who are unable to communicate effectively in English c. Carers, children and the elderly d. Members of religious groups e. ethnic groups, nationalities f. Lesbian, gay or transgender people B. Communication Plan To avoid miscommunication, the ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. also provides the following: 1. A Communication Plan is prepared to disseminate the policies and procedures to ensure that all services are provided to the clients. 2. Steps to be followed and the requirements to be accomplished are also given to access the healthcare services 3. Orientation and training for the employees, members, partners, staff, and directors are done for effective implementation of the plan. FAIRNESS AND JUSTICE A just and fair treatment can be the strongest asset in any organization especially if there is competition. ABC Concordia Healthcare LTD. has laid some policies with emphasis on the following: a. Dealings with third parties – this organization does not unlawfully discriminate other Healthcare service providers. b. Dealings with contractors- ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. engages contractors on the basis of their skills, experience and ability. There is no discrimination whatsoever based on age, gender, marital status, race, religion, etc. c. Employment – Job applicants are treated equally and fairly. Recruitment and selection procedures and terms and conditions of employment, training opportunities, promotion and transfer, grievance and disciplinary process, demotions, dress code, bonus schemes, work allocations and other employment related activities are carefully relayed to employees and applicants. d. Recruitment and Selection- ABC Concordia Healthcare LTD ensures that the workforce is: Taken from the widest pool of qualified applicants . Job openings are open to all. Effort is directed towards the dissemination of the information that will reach all interested applicants. Employment opportunities are based on personal merit and fitness. Performance is considered in this regard. Priority is given to applicants from all sections of society especially the underrepresented in the workforce. This is where fairness is evident. No one is discriminated simply because he belongs to the underprivileged and the handicapped. ABC Concordia Ltd. has lawful exemption (genuine occupational requirements) to be used suitable to meet the special needs of a particular group. People with special needs are those coming from different ethnic and cultural background; gender (especially the gays, lesbians and transgender people), carers, etc. Recruitment agencies of ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. know the requirements not to discriminate. Fair and equal treatment should always be borne in mind. There is a wholesome working environment respecting the employee’s beliefs and diverse background. Terms and conditions of service for employees comply with anti-discrimination legislation. The organization identifies the diverse training needs of the workers. A plan is made which includes the details of the training to be provided, who will be trained, and when the training will be provided. Those identified are informed of this quality and diversity and training plan. Acts of unlawful discrimination on any of the forbidden grounds by employees, partners, members, directors will be subjected to disciplinary action. Appropriate action is imposed to any person employed who commits unlawful acts of discrimation. All complaints will be investigated in accordance with the grievance procedure of the organization. ABC Concordia Healthcare Ltd. will monitor and record equal opportunities and information about staff and all employees. These pieces of information will be used exclusively for equal opportunities monitoring and have no bearing on opportunities and benefits. The organization will provide equal opportunities to the Human Rights Services Commission as required in relation to personal and clients under the terms of the legislation. Operation review of the organization will be conducted twice a year. Remediation will be imposed on non-compliance under the policy to equal opportunities. THE IMPACT OF PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION ON INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP 1. Prejudice and discrimination are acts of disrespect on the uniqueness of every individual. â€Å"Individual differences should be recognized although human beings are similar in many ways.† 2. Prejudice and discrimination may cause stress. â€Å"Typical causes of stress are: new work procedures, work overload, differences between the organization and employees values, frustration and role ambiguity. Workers are likely to suffer mental and physical symptoms as a result of pressure.† 3. Prejudice and discrimination hampers the individual’s desire to grow and to achieve his goal. If an individual is constantly discriminated, he loses his self-confidence. Thus, he can’t perform his task well. When prejudice is felt in an organization like a Healthcare Provider, the client would lose his motivations to get well and to become fit again. Nobody encourages him and nobody values his human dignity. 4. Discrimination and prejudice are non-humanitarian actions. This will deprive the act of getting people work together to accomplish desired goals and objectives at minimum cost and maximum profit.† 5. Commitment is obtained through kindness. Hence, organization should be fair and impartial, free from biases in dealing with employees and clients. 6. In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, belongingness, love, affection and acceptance are among the basic needs of man. When there are discriminations of whatever nature, then there is no love, affection and acceptance. 7. Discrimination and prejudice is against the Civil Rights of people. â€Å"Civil rights guarantees fair and equal treatment for all people regardless of race, religion, ethnic origin, age, sex, sexual orientation, disabilities, or personal beliefs.† On July 2, 1964, Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibiting discrimination based on a person’s race, color, national origin, religious beliefs and sex. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS TO ADDRESS GAPS IN THEIR SYSTEM PROCESS 1. Plan for review and monitoring on the compliance of equality and diversity issues should be prepared Separate from that of the communication and training plan. 2. Team meetings should be done regularly to track and discuss the progress of implementation. A special meeting may be convened also at any time to consider urgent matters. 3. Roles and responsibilities of the persons manning the organization should be clearly specified like: a. Director/ manager b. Staff c. Employees d. Other support personnel 4. Time scales for planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation should be clarified. 5. Periodic audit on the organization’s financial status is important. This is one component of the overall performance management framework. As an initiative is implemented, the outputs and outcomes are monitored, refined and then evaluated. 6. Policies should be revisited from time to time. Substantial amendments maybe necessary to ensure the stability of the organization. 7. Human resources are important in any organization. Performance assessment should be conducted as basis for planning skill enhancement training and updating. 8. Facilities and other material resources should be equally allocated. Insufficient or outmoded materials may affect the efficacy of attainment of the organization. 9. Facts should be gathered and use them as supporting evidences in order to analyze the programs and services and in turn may serve as guide for proper actions.

Essay --

Introduction India is the world’s second most populous country after china having a population that exceeds 1 billion people (Indiastat, 2014). Jason Burke from The Guardian’s newspaper claims that India wants to join the Russians, the US and the Europeans by sending a rocket to mars: to steal china’s existing situation and despite it’s failure the government insists on sending the rocket again. The Economist newspaper mentions that it’s not just India that has space ambitions but other countries too. Such as China and Nigeria. However, a number of people believe that the Indian population cannot afford the mission to mars because of the poverty they suffer of. This essay will highlight the reasons of why the Indian population cannot afford the mission, which will include the malnourished population, the homeless and lack of education. Malnourished population The World Health Organization reports that India’s malnutrition rates are between the worst in the world (Stuart, 2013). Jason Burke from The Guardian newspaper claims that it is estimated that More than 40% of the children living in India are malnourished. Food is considered one of the main essentials of life and without it the person cannot survive. The Economist newspaper mentions that two-fifths of the India’s children remain underdeveloped from malnourishment. The Economist adds that India's space ambitions could appear like a spare of money. Most of the government’s money is directed toward the attempt for the success of this mission. India’s space programme cost approximately 1Billion$, with the failure of the mission it requires another billion dollar for the second attempt. This can jeopardize the million lives of the poor residents of India. Considering the est... ...mars mission will have to wait for another 2 to 5 years for another chance (Burke, 2013); which means that the population of India will have to struggle and survive till the Indian government would provide them with all their needs. Conclusion The discussion above has examined evidence, which supported my hypothesis that the Indian government cannot afford the mars mission because of the malnourished population, the homeless people and the lack of education. Indeed, as previously discussed India’s high population is enduring the pain and the poverty. The mars mission could have devastating effects on the Indians since all of the money is directed toward this expenditure. The National governments should examine the status of each individual in India; to prioritize the people needs over the governments and to create a stronger nation that do not suffer poverty.

Nationalism and Politics Custom Research by Essay Writers Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As the world political climate has become more complex and in some cases outright hostile, many nations have turned inward, embracing nationalism as a method of self preservation at the very least and at best, or worst depending upon one’s point of view, pitting nations against one another in competition for global political status[1].   Because of these mixtures of nationalism and politics the question of why and how justifiably nationalism has been treated with suspicion by political thinkers becomes very relevant.   In this paper, the question will be discussed and explored with real world examples where appropriate. The Roots and Renaissance of Nationalism Nationalism, in one form or another, traces its European roots back at least 200 years; most sources agree that the â€Å"modern renaissance† of nationalism can be defined as the period when the Cold War reached its apex in the early 1970s[2].   It was also during this period that nationalism became truly political in nature, as the two superpowers of the world at that time, the United States and the United Soviet Socialist Republic, each developed an intense infrastructure of national pride and protectionism while at the same time trying to advocate their respective political systems in other nations in an effort to gain allies for their war of politics and ideology[3].   With the key players in the world political game embracing nationalism in its new form, the other nations of the world, large and small, soon followed suit.   Along with the nationalism boom came suspicion of nationalism on the part of many of the world’s most keen political minds and powerful p olitical players[4]. Justified Suspicion of Nationalism   Ã‚  Ã‚   The suspicion on the part of the world’s political leaders is justified; when one takes the time to look at world history over the last century or so, painful examples of nationalism run amok abound.   Many people do not realize it, but the roots of the Nazi party, the political machine of Adolf Hitler in the Germany of the 1930’s-1940’s, was based upon a very concentrated, and in hindsight toxic, form of German nationalism[5].   In this instance, Hitler, being a charismatic speaker and power monger, used the fervor of nationalism to build a regime which ultimately claimed millions of innocent lives and hurtled the world into war for years.    Behind the scenes, one can only imagine how many more lives were shattered as a result of Nazi fervor and actions. Also, referring back briefly to the introduction of this paper, the entire communist movement which came close to launching the world into war as well, had its beginnings in the elements of nationalism and the use by powerful and persuasive leaders to manipulate the masses into a system that would ultimately take away their freedom, their hope, and in some cases, their lives[6].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A present day example of possible nationalism and its potential to topple the political order exists in Great Britain, where sources indicate that there are forces within the government that advocate a concentrated form of nationalism, which ostensibly they maintain will give the common people more freedom, but in actuality, other sources claim, British nationalism would upset the established political order and lead to the downfall of the Crown itself[7]. What all of this represents is a potential power struggle that would likely ensue with the demolition of the traditional political order in a nation that has a proud history of resilience.   In fact, overall, the political leaders worldwide have in recent years voiced a concern that the new, more virulent form of nationalism that has emerged since the height of the Cold War is actually a social movement in disguise, used by those with a hunger for political power to burn down the established order and, in its place, put their own governments that of course have their own best interests at heart[8].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The point that is made with these real-life examples is that the suspicion with which political leaders often view nationalism is justified.   Any system that can devour an entire people against their will and best interests needs to be viewed with a certain degree of cynicism, and utilized only with the utmost caution. Nationalism and the World Economy   Ã‚  Ã‚   Because of the close relationship between global politics and economics, the effect of nationalism on world economies is important to understand, and likewise provides solid evidence that leaders in every corner of the planet should likewise monitor nationalism from the vista of economic consequences.   Taking into consideration the previously presented examples of political chaos caused by nationalism in its present most popular form, it is not a far stretch to predict what would happen economically to accompany political upheaval.   This is especially true when the use of â€Å"reform nationalism† is used.    Reform nationalism surfaces under the premise that it will actually lead to greater economic opportunities through an overhaul of a given nation’s economy, in such forms as a revision of the tax codes, monetary policy, and the like[9].   While it ultimately is true that most cases of reform nationalism do lead to new economic opportunities, they are usually reserved for those in power, or more precisely newly in power, while the masses find themselves worse off than before.   Unfortunately, this has happened time and time again in recent times due to the often volatile power systems in some nations; classic examples in recent times include Bosnia, Serbia, and much of Eastern Europe following the collapse of communism[10] . Key Considerations   Ã‚  Ã‚   In this paper, real examples of the validity of suspicion against nationalism by political leaders has been presented, but perhaps just as importantly, the common citizen must be vigilant to make sure that their interests and rights are preserved as well, as a check and balance against the powers that exist within politics; this is true in any nation.   As the old saying goes, those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   References    Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Revised Edition ed. London and New York: Verso, 1991. Anton Antonowicz Analyses the Lives of John Hume and David Trimble. (1998, October 17). The Mirror (London, England), p. 9. Beiner, Ronald, ed. Theorizing Nationalism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999. Benner, Erica. (1995). Really Existing Nationalisms: A Post-Communist View from Marx and Engels. Oxford, Clarendon Press. Billig, Michael. Banal Nationalism. London: Sage Publications, 1995. Blair Warns of English Threat to New Britain; Let’s Stick Together: PM Blasts Right-Wing Agenda. (2000, March 28). Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), p. 6. Borntraeger, Ekkehard W. Borders, Ethnicity and National Self-Determination. Vienna: Baumueller, 1999. Boyce, D. George. Nationalism in Ireland. Third Edition ed. London and New York: Routledge, 1995. Brehony, K. J. and N. Rassool, ed. Nationalisms Old and New. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999. Breuilly, John. Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. Brubaker, Rogers. Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Bruce, Steve. The Edge of Union: The Ulster Loyalist Political Vision. Oxford, New York and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1994. Burns, Jimmy. Barà §a: A People’s Passion. London: Bloomsbury, 1999. Carter, A. (1997). Nationalism and Global Citizenship. The Australian Journal of Politics and History, 43(1), 67+. Cottam, M. L., & Cottam, R. W. (2001). Nationalism & Politics: The Political Behavior of Nation States. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner. Ercegovac, P. (1998).   Competing National Ideologies, Cyclical Responses: The Mobilisation of the Irish, Basque and Croat National Movements to Rebellion Against the State.   Sydney, AU: University of Sydney. Glynn, P. (1994, August). Is Nationalism the Wave of the Future?. Commentary, 98, 42+. John McKie: Will Kilroy’s New Face of UK Politics Be Orange? (2005, February 5). Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), p. 13. The Making of the British. (2005, June 27). The Evening Standard (London, England), p. 67. Wheatcroft, G. (1999, June). The Making of the English Middle Class. The Atlantic Monthly, 283, 128. [1] Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Revised Edition ed. London and New York: Verso, 1991. [2]Carter, A. (1997). Nationalism and Global Citizenship. The Australian Journal of Politics and History, 43(1), 67+. [3]Brubaker, Rogers. Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. [4]Beiner, Ronald, ed. Theorizing Nationalism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999. [5]Glynn, P. (1994, August). Is Nationalism the Wave of the Future?. Commentary, 98, 42+. [6]Cottam, M. L., & Cottam, R. W. (2001). Nationalism & Politics: The Political Behavior of Nation States. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner. [7]Blair Warns of English Threat to New Britain; Let’s Stick Together: PM Blasts Right-Wing Agenda. (2000, March 28). Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), p. 6. [8]Ercegovac, P. (1998).   Competing National Ideologies, Cyclical Responses: The Mobilisation of the Irish, Basque and Croat National Movements to Rebellion Against the State.   Sydney, AU: University of Sydney. [9]Breuilly, John. Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. [10]Ercegovac, P. (1998).   Competing National Ideologies, Cyclical Responses: The Mobilisation of the Irish, Basque and Croat National Movements to Rebellion Against the State.   Sydney, AU: University of Sydney.

CNN And FOX News Essay

I chose to view CNN and Fox news to investigate the difference between how they relay information to the public. I have read that CNN publishes real news and that Fox is just an informational entertainment station filled with opinions about the news. Immediately it is seen that CNN is very detailed in their broadcasts. Upon watching several stories from both channels, I have found that they basically convey the same exact news stories, just in different ways. CNN was only a 30 minute segment but they thoroughly covered the most important world events. Fox News was an hour long segment and briefed the world news events. This is understandable since Fox news is a local station, they had to spend a majority of the air time on local news. Both stations do however relay the news in a bias manner. For example, both channels discussed the recent Teacher strike in Chicago. CNN spent about 4 or 5 minutes on the story stating that the teachers have come to an agreement and the children will be able to return to school on Wednesday. A 2 hour meeting with about 800 union officers and delegates concluded with a contractual agreement which would need to be ratified by the teachers and support staff and union members. The Chicago Mayor Emanuel was pleased with the results stating that it was an honest compromise. The students will suffer with a longer school day but they will be returning to school, which in turn will allow the parents and care givers to return to work. The coverage of this story on Fox news was minimal, lasting about 2 minutes. It was just brief details stating that the teachers and union members had reached and agreement and that the students would be returning to school after missing a full 7 days of class. Also, a topic of the news that was presented on both channels was the horrible situation in Afghanistan. CNN had an extensive small segment on the things that were transpiring as well as a short interview with some of the people in Afghanistan. The segment lasted about 5 minutes on CNN it was stated that the U.S. coalition is gradually transferring control to Afghan  authorities but as of now the war is not over. There are still tens of thousands of American forces there dealing with what they call â€Å"green† and â€Å"blue violence. There were a total of 6 U.S troops killed last week by Afghan allies. There were also 6 jets destroyed. When this story was aired on Fox News there wasn’t that much detail. The segment only lasted about 3 minutes on Fox News. It was only stated that there were four troops killed on Sunday and 2 more killed on Friday of last week. Fox also stated that there was a raid on a military base by 15 insurgents and six jets were destroyed. Four teen of those 15 insurgents were killed. President Obama’s job in the White House thus far was also a topic discussed on both channels. CNN spoke on this topic for about 9 minutes and commented on how the President is quickly making progress towards recovering the U.S., and has a big agenda for the future already planned compared with past presidents. The news reporter described this facet as â€Å"breath taking† and â€Å"stunning.† Fox news discussed the president and the upcoming election for about 5 minutes, and as could be expected, completely had the opposite view on this. They maintained that the President is taking on way too many different tasks at once per his quote, and that it is absolutely crazy for him to think he will get everything completed in two terms should he be re-elected. The news reporter said that he should stop misleading the American people and pick one or two big issues to cover in his agenda, and just maybe he will be able to address those in a believable manner. Fox News also spoke of the uproar that comments made by Romney about â€Å"47% of Americans being dependent upon the government backing the President† No comments were made about this video on CNN. I have never actually watched various news channels like this. I usually catch the local news on Fox and then the world news on ABC. I enjoyed the CNN broadcast. If was much more informative and it not only covered the large world stories but it touched on some of the smaller things happening in the world as well.

Your Guide to Writing a Narrative Essay

Your Guide to Writing a Narrative Essay Narrative essays are a common assignment seen across educational levels and programs and can be incredibly fun to write with the right planning and execution. In this article, were going to break down the elements of a narrative essay, as well as discuss formatting issues you might run into as you are writing your rough draft. Then, well discuss common issues you might run into as you are revising your essay and writing the final draft.Planning - Choosing your storyThe core of a narrative essay is the story you tell. However, a well-written narrative essay moves beyond just a personal anecdote and illustrates an important theme or topic using that story. This means that in addition to providing a story, your narrative essay will also need to include an analysis of that story or experience from your point of view (as both the writer and the person who experienced the event).Focus on a themeSo, in the planning stages of your narrative essay, you need to determine two important facts: 1 ) what theme and analysis of that theme will you focus on and 2) what personal story will you use to do this?In some cases, you might be given the theme as part of the narrative essay assignment. For example, your assignment might read something like this: Racism and sexism are two pervasive and complicated issues in American society. Write an essay about your experience with one or both of these concepts and what you learned from that experience.If your narrative essay prompt is open, you will still need to focus on a particular theme and analysis of that theme in the process of choosing which story you want to tell about your life or life experiences. Lets say, for example, you want to write a narrative essay about a time when your favorite childhood pet passed away. While that story might be an interesting narrative, without thematic analysis to let your reader know what you are sharing the story in the first place, your narrative essay will fall flat and miss the mark of what a narrative essay is meant to do.So, keep this in mind as youre choosing your story. It should be an entertaining or heartfelt story, certainly, but you will also need to analyze it thematically in the process of sharing it to write a true narrative essay.Avoid making it too broadAnother important consideration to keep in mind as you are choosing your story is to avoid making it too broad. A well-written, entertaining narrative essay often includes vibrant details and even dialogue, which means that if you dont narrow down the topic and theme precisely, it will be too broad for the constraints of your page and word count.For example, a narrative essay on your senior year in high school or even your summer vacation will likely be too broad. A narrative essay on your senior prom or a weekend getaway over the summer would be a better choice, leaving you room to include sensory details and dialogue without having to rush the story to fit page or word count.In other words, if your story un folds over a series of weeks or months, it is likely too broad for a narrative essay.Choose a story with vibrant detailsThe best narrative essays are the ones that include vibrant, sensory details throughout to engage the reader and make him or her feel as if they were present when the events happened. These details are the reason narrative essays are so powerful in their ability to inform, and even persuade, readers about important themes and topics.This is why it is important to choose a story with vibrant details to relate in your narrative essay. If you arent sure whether the story youve chosen will work well for a narrative essay assignment, consider how many details youll be able to provide about the sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and sensations you experienced during the event. If youre trying to decide between multiple stories to relate in your essay, choose the one that is most vibrant in your memory.First draft – The writing process in narrative essaysNow that youv e chosen the story you want to write about in your narrative essay, the hardest part of the assignment is over. Now the fun begins with the writing process!Create an informal outlineAs with any essay assignment, its important to begin the writing process with an outline. However, the outline for a narrative essay will be different than one you would create for an expository or persuasive essay and will be much less formal and structured. Basically, it should consist of bringing together the elements of a story in a logical way, so youll want to include information about the beginning, middle and end of the story, along with your thesis or thematic analysis.Brainstorm sensory detailsAs mentioned earlier, the sensory details that you include in your narrative essay will be the most important elements for engaging your reader. A great way to get started on these in the writing process is to take a few minutes to complete a sensory inventory of the event or situation you plan to detail in your essay.The easiest way to do this is to take a piece of paper and create five columns on it for the five senses: sight, sound, taste, touch, and smell. Within these five columns, write what you remember from the situation or event. For example, if my narrative essay will be about the day I buried my childhood pet, I might include the following details on my sensory inventory.Sight: Fur blowing in the wind, my dogs eyes closed, loose dirt, yellow and purple wildflowersSound: The silence without his bark, the wind in the trees, the shovel hitting rock, a bee buzzing aroundTaste: My moms blueberry pancakes she made before we buried him, the saltiness of my tearsTouch: The feel of his soft fur one last time, the crumbling dirt between my fingers, the heavy box carrying his weight.Smell: His comforting dog scent, the coffee on my mothers breath as she spoke to me.Use scenes and summariesAll narrative writing is made up of scenes and summaries. A scene is when you describe details that occurred at specific points in the story, including dialogue that happened, while a summary is what fills in and progresses or moves the action between scenes.Include an antagonist, even if its youThe best narrative writing includes an antagonist, who serves as a counterbalance, opposing force or obstacle for the protagonist. This doesnt necessarily mean that you need an alternate bad guy in your story. In fact, in many cases, we are our own antagonists with struggles like self-confidence, self-worth, self-limitation, etc., keeping us from a desired goal or outcome. Therefore, for your narrative essay, be sure to include details of the struggle between protagonist and antagonist, whether those are two different people or two different perspectives that fought for control of the outcome of the situation. Without that struggle between antagonist and protagonist, the narrative arc of the story falls flat because the protagonist (you) doesnt change. Your reader needs to see progres sion in your character within the story as you overcome an obstacle- be that a self-imposed one or one you encountered because of someone or something else.Format dialogue correctlyBesides details, dialogue is a useful way to bring a story alive and engage the reader, making him or her feel that they are right there experiencing the event(s) with you. To use dialogue, however, its important to know how to format it correctly. An example of correctly formatted dialogue for my narrative essay on burying my childhood pet might go something like this:I dont want to bury him, Mom, I said, with tears rolling down my face.My mom looked at me tenderly and wiped away a tear.I know, sweetheart, but we have to. Thats the way things are done.But what if he gets lonely and cold down there in the ground? I asked.Then youll just have to come visit his grave often to keep him from being lonely, my Mother replied.Final draft – Refining your writingNow that youve reached the final stage of wri ting your narrative essay, its important to keep in mind some best practices for making sure your final draft is in tip-top shape. This includes proofreading to find grammatical or spelling errors, as well as ensuring that your analysis of the theme you chose corresponds to the story you told.